Supported Formats

GLB and glTF file requirements, polygon budgets, and texture optimization tips for vitrine viewers.

vitrine supports GLB and glTF 2.0 files — the standard formats for real-time 3D on the web.

GLB vs glTF

Format	Extension	Description
GLB	`.glb`	Single binary file containing geometry, textures, and materials. Recommended.
glTF	`.gltf` + `.bin` + textures	Separate files. Upload as a single `.gltf` file (external references must be accessible).

Use GLB whenever possible. It's a single file with everything embedded, which means faster uploads and fewer issues with missing textures.

Supported features

vitrine supports the full glTF 2.0 PBR material model:

PBR metallic-roughness materials
Normal maps, occlusion maps, emissive maps
Alpha blending and alpha cutoff (transparent/translucent materials)
Double-sided materials
Multiple UV sets
Vertex colors
KHR_materials_unlit extension
KHR_texture_transform extension

Optimization tips

Polygon count

There is no hard polygon limit, but keep performance in mind:

Use case	Suggested range	Notes
Product page embed	50k–200k triangles	Fast load, smooth on mobile
Hero showcase	200k–500k triangles	Fine on desktop, may stutter on low-end mobile
Portfolio / detail view	500k–1M triangles	Desktop-focused, expect slower mobile

Use your 3D software's decimate/simplify tools to reduce polygon count without visible quality loss.

Textures

Stick to power-of-two resolutions (1024x1024, 2048x2048) — GPUs handle these most efficiently
2048x2048 is usually enough for product viewers. 4K textures rarely add visible detail at typical embed sizes
Compress textures before embedding them in the GLB. Use JPEG for color maps, PNG only when you need alpha
Use KTX2/Basis compression if your export tool supports it — smaller files, faster loads

File size

Under 10 MB is ideal for fast loading
10–30 MB is acceptable for hero viewers with thumbnail posters
Over 30 MB will cause slow loads on mobile connections

Tools for optimization

gltf-transform — CLI for compressing, resizing textures, and optimizing glTF files
Blender — decimate modifier, texture baking, GLB export
RapidPipeline — automated 3D optimization (commercial)

vitrine handles orientation automatically. Your model can use any up-axis convention (Y-up, Z-up) — the viewer maps it to the correct orientation on load. If the result looks wrong, you can adjust the orientation mapping in the editor.

Where to find models

Looking for 3D product models to try?

Poly Haven — free CC0 models (furniture, props, decor)
Sketchfab — large marketplace with free and paid models
Khronos glTF Samples — official test models
Quaternius — free low-poly game assets